We continue the series of informative materials made available to our clients and partners, inviting you to go through the information gathered by the Xplorate Group team regarding the stages that must be followed in the construction process.
You will learn, in chronological order, what steps to take from the moment of choosing and acquiring the land on which you plan to build, what is involved in the actual design, the steps to obtain construction permits and approvals, execution, acceptance of works, preparation of the technical book, and obtaining the demolition permit, if necessary.
Choosing and purchasing the land
Choosing and purchasing the land is an extremely important aspect, and the decision must be weighed from various angles because its influence on the final project is significant.
The location in relation to the city center, utilities available in the area, surface area, shape, and proximity of the land dictate the purchase price.
Depending on all these aspects, the type of construction, and the needs of those who will ultimately benefit from it, the ideal land should or should not be near schools, kindergartens, and supermarkets, should quickly connect to utility networks in the area, and should be easily accessible from public roads.
Construction project development
Once the details of the site where you plan to build are established, creating a construction project is the natural step that precedes actual construction.
Such a project is prepared by authorized individuals (architects, designers), whether they operate as sole proprietors or within a company.
The construction project consists of all the drawn and written parts necessary for the construction and requires a series of approvals and checks in accordance with the current legislation.
Obtaining construction permits and approvals
The construction or demolition permit is the act of authority of the local public administration – county, municipal, city, or commune, based on which construction works or demolition works can be carried out (and based on which legal measures are applied regarding the location, design, execution, and operation of investment objectives, respectively for the decommissioning of constructions and facilities). Demolition is necessary when there are already constructions on the purchased land that are not needed within the project.
Obtaining approvals and agreements required by the Urbanism Certificate
The urbanism certificate is the document that provides the applicant with information regarding the legal, economic, and technical regime of a property, the characteristics of the area where it is located, the urban planning requirements to be met, as well as the list of approvals and agreements required for construction works authorization.
Approvals are official opinions of the public administration based on which additional clarifications may be requested for the issuance of the construction permit. The beneficiary is obliged to comply with all the indications contained in these documents and, if necessary, to modify the initial project to receive the requested approval.
Obtaining the construction permit
The construction/demolition permit is drawn up based on and in compliance with the provisions of urban planning documentation and land development plans, approved according to the law, the requirements imposed by the urbanism certificate, as well as the approvals/agreements expressed.
Obtaining environmental approvals
The environmental approval is the administrative act issued by the competent authority for environmental protection, a document confirming the integration of environmental protection aspects in the plan or program subject to adoption, in accordance with the current legislative provisions.
Construction execution
Once all the necessary permits and approvals have been obtained to start construction works, the actual construction procedure can be initiated.
The beneficiary’s representative on-site is a site manager selected by them, and their responsibilities include overseeing the construction during execution to ensure quality work in accordance with the technical project.
All construction works must be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the project, and during the execution period, the specialized designer is obliged to monitor the progress of the construction works according to the quality control program, which is part of the documentation approved without change.
Acceptance of construction works
The acceptance of construction works and related installations is carried out both upon completion of the works and upon the expiration of the warranty period for the works.
At the completion of the construction works, the beneficiary, represented by the site manager, will organize the acceptance of the completed works. A reception committee is formed, and the established date is communicated to the reception committee members, the contractor, and the architect.
Obtaining the construction technical book
The construction technical book is drawn up during the execution by the beneficiary through the care of the site manager, with the intervention of the constructor and the architect. It is finalized before the final acceptance.
After completion, during the existence period of the construction, until demolition, it is completed and kept by the owner.
Documents required for obtaining the demolition permit
The documents required to obtain the demolition permit include: the urbanism certificate, the cadastral documentation of the property, topographic plans at scales of 1:500 and 1:2000, property deeds, technical expertise highlighting the technical condition of the building, proof of registration of the project at the Order of Architects of Romania, and the Project for the authorization of demolition works.
How Xplorate Group can help you?
We provide our clients and partners with engineering topography services, topographic surveys, land registration, construction monitoring, interior surveys according to the BOMA standard, 3D laser scanning and can assist in obtaining urbanism certificates, local certificates, and energy performance certificates.
